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The PROTECT Act of 2003 is a multipurpose United States law intended to prevent child abuse. "PROTECT" stands for Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to end the Exploitation of Children Today. more...

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'The law has the following effects:

Provides for mandatory life imprisonment of sex offenses against a minor if the offender has had a prior conviction of abuse against a minor, with some exceptions.; Establishes a program to obtain criminal history background checks for volunteer organizations.; Authorizes wiretapping and monitoring of other communications in all cases related to child abuse or kidnapping.; Eliminates statutes of limitations for child abduction or child abuse.; Bars pretrial release of persons charged with specified offenses against or involving children.; Assigns a national AMBER Alert Coordinator.; Implemented Suzanne's Law. Named after Suzanne Lyall, a missing college student of the University of New York at Albany, the law eliminates waiting periods before law enforcement agencies will investigate reports of missing persons ages 18-21. These reports are also filed with the NCIC.; Prohibits computer-generated child pornography when "(B) such visual depiction is a computer image or computer-generated image that is, or appears virtually indistinguishable from that of a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct; (as amended by 1466A for Section 2256(8)(B) of title 18, United States Code).; Prohibits drawings, sculptures, and pictures of such drawings and sculptures depicting minors in actions or situations that meet the (Miller test) of being obscene, OR are engaged in sex acts that are deemed to meet the same obscene condition. The law does not state that images of fictional beings who appear to be under 18 engaged in sexual acts that are not deemed to be obscene are rendered illegal in and of their own condition (illustration of sex of fictional minors).; Maximum sentence of 5 years for possession, 10 years for distribution.; Authorizes fines and/or imprisonment for up to 30 years for U.S. citizens or residents who engage in illicit sexual conduct abroad.;

For the purposes of this law, illicit sexual conduct includes commercial sex with anyone under 18, and all sex with anyone under 16. Previous US law was less strict, only punishing those having sex either in contravention of local laws OR in commerce (prostitution); but did not prohibit non-commercial sex with, for example, a 14 year-old if such sex was legal in the foreign territory.

The PROTECT Act mandated that the United States Attorney General promulgate new regulations to enforce the 2257 recordkeeping regulation, colloquially known as the '2257 Regulations'. The Free Speech Coalition has filed a lawsuit against the United States Department of Justice claiming the 2257 Regulations are unconstitutional.

The prohibitions against illustrations depicting child pornography, including computer-generated illustrations, were previously ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court when they were included in the Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996. However, the provisions of the Protect Act are distinct, since they establish the requirement of showing obscenity as defined by the Miller Test, which was not an element of the 1996 law.

Read more at Wikipedia.org